Elevated triglyceride levels and taking Omega 3 supplements

There is substantial evidence supporting the use of omega-3 supplements, particularly EPA and DHA, for lowering elevated triglyceride levels. The American Heart Association recommends omega-3 fatty acids for people with high triglycerides. However, there are a few considerations and potential contraindications to be aware of:

1. Effectiveness: Omega-3 fatty acids, especially in high doses, are effective at reducing triglyceride levels. Prescription omega-3 medications like Vascepa (icosapent ethyl) and Lovaza (omega-3-acid ethyl esters) are specifically designed to treat hypertriglyceridemia.

2. Side Effects: Some people may experience side effects from omega-3 supplements, including gastrointestinal issues (such as nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion), a fishy aftertaste, or an increase in LDL cholesterol levels (although this is more common with DHA-containing supplements rather than pure EPA).

3. Interactions with Other Medications: Omega-3 supplements can interact with certain medications, such as anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. People on blood thinners should consult with their healthcare provider before taking omega-3 supplements.

4. Allergies: Individuals with fish or shellfish allergies should exercise caution when taking fish oil supplements.

5. Clinical Guidelines: Clinical guidelines generally support the use of omega-3 supplements for managing high triglycerides. The 2019 guidelines from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) recommend the use of prescription omega-3 fatty acids for patients with triglyceride levels of 500 mg/dL or higher.

6. Potential Risks: While omega-3 supplements are generally safe, excessive consumption can lead to adverse effects such as increased risk of bleeding, particularly in individuals taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications. It's also important to avoid supplements with impurities or contaminants, which can be an issue with non-prescription fish oil products.

Health Canada Statement on Triglyceride lowering with Omega 3

Health Canada’s Food Directorate conclusion 
The evidence consistently supports a highly consistent direction of effect towards a reduction in triglyceride levels when EPA and DHA are consumed. The vast majority (>80%) of the treatment arms from the larger studies (≥30 participants) administering a daily intake of at least 1.5 g of EPA+DHA demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in triglyceride levels.  

Health Canada’s Food Directorate has concluded that scientific evidence exists to support a claim about EPA+DHA and triglyceride lowering. The claim is relevant and generally applicable to the Canadian adult population on the basis that approximately 25% of Canadian adults aged  20 to 79 had unhealthy triglyceride levels1 (>1.7 mmol/L) from 2007 to 2009.

Full Statement online > Summary of Health Canada's assessment of a health claim about eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and triglyceride lowering - Canada.ca

In summary, while there is strong evidence supporting the use of omega-3 supplements for lowering elevated triglycerides, it is essential to consider individual health conditions, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications. Consulting with a healthcare provider before starting omega-3 supplementation is advisable (OmegaQuant) (Oxford Academic) .